Please scroll down for the English version-Dr Chen Zhuo published an article in The Lancet Journal: "US-China Health Exchange and Collaboration following COVID-19".

近日，寧波諾丁漢大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)系健康經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)客座教授陳茁登上國(guó)際權(quán)威醫(yī)學(xué)期刊《柳葉刀》，以“新冠疫情后的中美衛(wèi)生交流與合作”一文展望中美衛(wèi)生合作之路。

在文章中，陳茁教授及中國(guó)疾控中心前主任李立明教授，中國(guó)預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院前院長(zhǎng)王克安老師，美國(guó)疾控中心前主任、埃默里大學(xué)副校長(zhǎng)Jeff Koplan教授一起從中美衛(wèi)生領(lǐng)域合作的歷史出發(fā)，闡述了中美在衛(wèi)生和醫(yī)學(xué)方面的良好合作關(guān)系，并分析了中美衛(wèi)生合作的挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇。

文章指出，疫情帶來(lái)的持續(xù)性挑戰(zhàn)將使中美在生物醫(yī)學(xué)和公共衛(wèi)生方面的聯(lián)系與合作更具意義，并就新冠疫情后中美衛(wèi)生方面的合作提出了三項(xiàng)建議：

恢復(fù)目前受到政治層面阻力的中美兩國(guó)政府機(jī)構(gòu)間醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生合作和伙伴關(guān)系，以控制疫情并為未來(lái)的傳染病包發(fā)和疫情做準(zhǔn)備；

促進(jìn)學(xué)術(shù)界和科學(xué)界之間因政治考慮和疫情而受阻的合作和交流；

私營(yíng)機(jī)構(gòu)和民間組織與兩國(guó)政府一起改善中美在衛(wèi)生和醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域的合作。

當(dāng)談到這篇文章時(shí)，陳茁教授說(shuō)道：“我們首先回顧了以往中美在公共衛(wèi)生和醫(yī)學(xué)方面交流與合作的成就，其中也包括了一些可能不太為人所知的合作成果，比如中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制中心（CDC）的成立其實(shí)跟美國(guó)CDC有一些淵源。同時(shí)，中國(guó)在流感監(jiān)測(cè)方面的一些計(jì)劃也是通過(guò)和美國(guó)CDC的合作推進(jìn)的。尤其值得注意的是，在這次新冠疫情當(dāng)中，中國(guó)‘現(xiàn)場(chǎng)流行病學(xué)’的項(xiàng)目發(fā)揮了重要的作用，這也得益于美國(guó)的流行病學(xué)專家們?cè)谥袊?guó)做的培訓(xùn)。

當(dāng)然，美國(guó)也同樣從這些交流中受益匪淺，比如雙方關(guān)于葉酸的合作為美國(guó)的醫(yī)療政策制定提供了強(qiáng)有力的證據(jù)支持。中美雙方同時(shí)也就流感監(jiān)測(cè)方面開(kāi)展過(guò)雙向合作，包括彼此間互相提供流感病毒株型以便研究。事實(shí)上，中美在公共衛(wèi)生和醫(yī)學(xué)上的交流一直很穩(wěn)定、通暢，并且卓有成效。當(dāng)然，最近幾年，中美在關(guān)稅、政治等方面的交流的確受到了一些影響，但我個(gè)人覺(jué)得在公共衛(wèi)生以及氣候變化方面，中美的交流仍然是非常重要的，而且很有可能為中美的下一步合作打開(kāi)一扇門。所以，我認(rèn)為我們更應(yīng)該持續(xù)推動(dòng)雙方在衛(wèi)生方面的交流與合作�！�

陳茁教授與美國(guó)著名健康經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家、前美國(guó)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)研究局健康經(jīng)濟(jì)組主任Mike Grossman教授在寧諾“中國(guó)留美經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)會(huì)2018年會(huì)長(zhǎng)論壇”上的合影

據(jù)悉，陳茁教授目前的研究方向之一是基因組學(xué)（Genomics），對(duì)于學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)比較新興且令人好奇的領(lǐng)域。對(duì)于這個(gè)研究方向，陳教授表示其實(shí)自己更關(guān)注于基因組學(xué)的倫理、法律和社會(huì)影響層面，也就是基因組學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)中與經(jīng)濟(jì)政策相關(guān)的部分，而不是完全的基因組學(xué)。

他舉例道,在美國(guó)有一種BRCA基因測(cè)序，可以幫助女性盡早發(fā)現(xiàn)并降低乳腺癌和卵巢癌風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。那么，是否要規(guī)定保險(xiǎn)公司對(duì)滿足一定條件的女性免費(fèi)提供BRCA基因測(cè)序，以及這將會(huì)產(chǎn)生什么樣的經(jīng)濟(jì)成本和社會(huì)影響，都是其研究的內(nèi)容之一。

陳茁教授在科研活動(dòng)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)

本月17日至18日，寧諾人文與社會(huì)科學(xué)學(xué)院健康經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究中心主辦了一場(chǎng) “基因組學(xué)和精準(zhǔn)醫(yī)學(xué)的倫理、法律和社會(huì)影響”的主題研討會(huì)。屆時(shí)，陳茁教授將會(huì)與國(guó)內(nèi)外的相關(guān)專家與學(xué)者們?cè)诰�上進(jìn)行為期兩天的學(xué)術(shù)研討，對(duì)此有興趣的學(xué)者可點(diǎn)擊文末的“閱讀原文”報(bào)名參與。

對(duì)于有志于學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)的學(xué)生，陳教授也提出了以下建議：

“

大家對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)有興趣的話，一定要先把數(shù)學(xué)的基礎(chǔ)打好。數(shù)學(xué)工具的使用在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)理論、推導(dǎo)，以及實(shí)證方面的應(yīng)用上始終起著極為重要的作用。同時(shí)，同學(xué)們也要重視對(duì)語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí)，包括英文的寫作和口語(yǔ)。

寧波諾丁漢大學(xué)是一個(gè)純英文教學(xué)的學(xué)校，為學(xué)生提供浸入式的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境。因此，寧諾在語(yǔ)言方面有著得天獨(dú)厚的優(yōu)勢(shì)，也對(duì)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言能力有著更高的要求。

人物名片

陳 茁

陳茁教授本科和碩士畢業(yè)于中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)大學(xué)管理學(xué)院管理科學(xué)系，并于美國(guó)愛(ài)荷華州立大學(xué)獲得統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)理學(xué)碩士學(xué)位和經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)博士學(xué)位。2006-2017年間任美國(guó)CDC健康經(jīng)濟(jì)師及高級(jí)健康經(jīng)濟(jì)師，并于2013年獲得了CDC行為和社會(huì)科學(xué)研究卓越獎(jiǎng)，在多家頂級(jí)領(lǐng)域的期刊發(fā)表論文70余篇。

陳茁教授曾于2016年至2018年擔(dān)任中國(guó)衛(wèi)生政策與管理學(xué)會(huì)（海外）會(huì)長(zhǎng)，并于2017年至2018年任中國(guó)留美經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)會(huì)（CES）會(huì)長(zhǎng)，2018年當(dāng)選中國(guó)衛(wèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)會(huì)理論與政策專業(yè)委員會(huì)委員。

目前陳教授擔(dān)任寧波諾丁漢大學(xué)人文與社會(huì)科學(xué)學(xué)院經(jīng)濟(jì)系健康經(jīng)濟(jì)中心學(xué)術(shù)主任暨健康經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)客座教授，美國(guó)佐治亞大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院衛(wèi)生政策與管理副教授，中國(guó)疾控中心周報(bào)（China CDC Weekly）、安徽醫(yī)藥，全球健康研究與政策（Global Health Research and Policy）、Journal of Family and Economic Issues等多家學(xué)術(shù)期刊編委會(huì)成員。

Dr Chen Zhuo published an article in The Lancet Journal: "US-China Health Exchange and Collaboration following COVID-19"

Dr Zhuo Chen, Visiting Professor in Health Economics at University of Nottingham Ningbo China (UNNC), co-authored a viewpoint article titled "US-China Health Exchange and Collaboration following COVID-19" in the prestigious medical journal The Lancet.

With Dr Jeffrey Koplan, former director of the US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Professor Liming Li, former director of China CDC, and Dr Ke’an Wang, former President of the Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Dr Chen reviewed the history of US-China exchange and collaboration in health and medicine, and advocated for the restoration of collaboration to meet the need of containing the current pandemic and to prevent future outbreaks.

In their work, Dr Zhuo Chen and his colleagues pointed out that China-US health cooperation has a long history and benefits both sides and the world, and it is hoped that the two countries can collaborate to fight COVID-19 and other infectious illnesses, chronic diseases, and other future challenges to human health.

The authors also offered three suggestions for China-US health collaboration after COVID-19. First, to control and rebuild from COVID-19 and prepare for future outbreaks and pandemics, partnership and collaboration on health and medicine between the US and China government agencies need to be restored. Second, we need to promote collaboration and exchange between the academic and scientific communities, which have been hindered by politics and COVID-19. Finally, private sectors and non-governmental organisations can work with governments in both countries to improve China-US collaboration on health and medicine.

In the article, the authors reviewed the past achievements of China-US exchanges and cooperation in public health and medical science. “Some of the achievements may not be that well-known, for example, the relationship between the China CDC and the US CDC. The China CDC had in mind the US CDC as a model when it was created. In addition, some of China’s earlier efforts on influenza surveillance are also developed through cooperation with the US CDC. The ‘Field Epidemiology Training Program’, which played an important role in COVID-19, was indebted to many US experts in this field, who visited China and held many training sessions,” Dr Chen introduced.

“Of course, the benefits that China received from this cooperation is not one-sided. The US also benefits a lot from these exchanges. For example, the cooperation with China on folic acid provides strong evidence for relevant policies in the US. The US has also improved influenza surveillance from its cooperation with China, as China has provided influenza virus strains to the US. In conclusion, China and the US have had a good rapport in public health and medical science in the past, with more collegial collaboration and exchange than some of the other aspects. In my opinion, China-US cooperation and exchange are very important, especially in public health and climate change, and we need cordial collaborative work. It might also open the door for the next step of China-US cooperation. Therefore, we need to promote China-US exchange and cooperation in public health.”

One of Dr Chen’s current research directions is Genomics, which is relatively a new field for Economics students. He focuses more on the ethical, legal and social implications of Genomics. “My direction may be referred to as Economics of Genomics, which is related to economic policy, rather than complete Genomics,” he explained.

“For example, in the US it is possible to conduct BRCA1/2 gene sequencing, which can help women to reduce the probability of breast cancer and ovarian cancer. Should a society offer BRCA gene sequencing for all women of a certain age range or with certain conditions? If so, what will be financial implication of such an initiative and how would it be implemented? These are what Genoeconomics explore.”

On 17 and 18 July, the Centre for Health Economics of UNNC is to organise an online workshop on "Ethical, legal, and social implications of genomics and precision medicine", where Dr Chen will discuss and explore related topics with renowned experts and scholars of at home and abroad. If you are interested in the workshop, please click "Read more" at the end of the article to register for attendance.

For students who are interested in studying economics, Dr Chen advises: “You must have a good foundation in mathematics - the use of mathematics tools, including theory, deduction, and some applications in empirical aspects, plays a vital role in economics. In addition, you should also pay attention to language, especially English writing and speaking. UNNC is a university that teaches only in English, which provides students with an immersive English learning environment. This is a unique advantage for UNNC students, as it provides an opportunity to strengthen your capabilities of writing and speaking in English.”

About Dr Zhuo Chen

Dr Zhuo Chen graduated from the University of Science and Technology of China with Bachelor's and Master’s degrees in Management Science. He later received a Master of Science in Statistics, and a PhD in Economics from Iowa State University.

Dr Chen has been a senior health economist with the US CDC and was granted Excellence in Behavioral and Social Sciences Research Award in 2013. He has more than 70 publications in peer-reviewed journals that are top of the field.

From 2016 to 2018, Dr Chen served as the President of the China Health Policy and Management Society, and was President of the Chinese Economists Society from 2017 to 2018.

He is currently a Visiting Professor in Health Economics at UNNC, and Associate Professor of Health Policy and Management, the University of Georgia, USA.

文字來(lái)源 | FHSS

圖片來(lái)源 | 陳 茁

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